Body Solid Standard

There are 2 general themes that are becoming prevalent in triathlon training that directly clash with one another. One is the standard periodization method which comes from the eastern Europeans and Russians. This type of training goes through different training phases through out the year in the quest to peak performance as much as possible for a given event or time frame.

This method is very solid in that it has allot of research and real world results to back up its methodology.

Some of the newer ideas that have come to the fore front more recently is the theory that endurance athletes need more intensity and less long miles. Triathlon coach's such as Brett Sutton and cycling coach M.D. Michael J. Ross and author of Maximum Cycling M.D. are both in this school of thought. Both as coaches have produced results. Sutton has coached several athletes who are Ironman champions and Ironman world champions.

Both strategies have worked in the real world applications. The high intensity version of training claims that all the long miles that endurance athletes often do, break them down more than anything and causes the athlete to loose sharpness.

Long miles commonly known as Long Slow Distance training (LSD) have been shown in research to have positive effects on endurance athletes because it causes the following adaptions in the human body.

1) More capillary density. Capillaries are small blood vessels that exchange water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and waste between blood and all body tissues such as muscles.

2) Improved Mitochondrial density in cells. Mitochondria are responsible for the generation or ATP. Which is basically energy.

3) Increased efficiency in burning fat for energy.

4) Increased vein and artery diameter. Meaning you can pump more blood to and from muscles faster among other areas.

Yet the high intensity school of training has research that also shown that there methods also create the same type of adaptions.

This is not say that standard periodization fails to do high intensity. Standard periodization dose increase intensity as the athlete gets closer to peaking for a season or specific sporting event. This method believes in emphasis of specifically training all energy systems as they are all play a role.

So who is right? Really more research needs to be done which is the typical scientist answer.

Here is my theory. Everyone is born with given genetic tendencies. A top sprinter is going to have more fast twitch muscle fibers, among other genetic advantages to make him or her self go super fast. The same is true with endurance athletes.

Every given endurance athlete still has fast twitch muscles although not used as much they are still there and thus if they do high intensity training they start to use these muscles fibers and other energy systems more, to cope with the given training stimulus. In saying that every person has a certain ratio of fast twitch to slow twitch muscles making them more apt to be better a certain physical events. This is grossly simplified, it goes beyond just muscle fiber type too but you can get the point.

Endurance athletes are the same, some will have more fast twitch muscles and other variances, than other athletes making them better at certain types of physical events and training. Thus my theory is that endurance athletes may be more pre disposed to certain training methods for endurance events via there genetic tendencies. Therefore you have many different training methods out there in all sports that work for some and not so much for others.

I could be blatantly wrong and that is why I never claim to have an answer or know every thing but I think technology and they way training advances are going we will get an answer to this question. In some ways we are seeing this with athlete who switch coaches and get far better results do to training principles that are applied.

In the end of the day the only real way to find out what training method works for an athlete is to try it.

Kerry Sullivan is a certified USAT, USACII, CSCS, NLP Practitioner

He coaches triathletes and races competitively. He is in the process of becoming a pro triathlete Kerry has a blog and is often sought out for optimization in triathlon on both physical and mental aspects.

For more info go to http://www.triathlonsummit.com

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